Description: Under-five mortality ratio
20082009201020112012201320142015201620172018
16.722.916.322.618.821.614.619.816.218.114.8
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DATA IDENTIFICATION


Name
Under-five mortality ratio (SDG 3.2.1)
Indicator purpose

The purpose of this indicator is to reflect access of children and communities to basic health interventions such as vaccination, medical treatment of infectious diseases, and adequate nutrition.

Abstract

Under-five mortality is the probability of a child born in a specific year or period dying before reaching the age of 5 years, if subject to the age-specific mortality rates of that period, expressed per 1,000 live births.

Data source

Ministry of Health (MOH)

DATA CHARACTERISTICS



Contact organization person

Ministry of Health (MOH); Statistical Institute of Belize (SIB)

Date last updated
29-OCT-2019
Periodicity

Annual

Unit of measure

Mortality rates of that period expressed per 1,000 live births.

Other characteristics

Mortality rates among young children are a key output indicator for child health and well-being, and, more broadly, for social and economic development. The under-five mortality rate is a closely watched public health indicator because it reflects the access of children and communities to basic health interventions such as vaccination, medical treatment of infectious diseases and adequate nutrition.

DATA CONCEPTS and CLASSIFICATIONS



Classification used

Under-five mortality is the probability of a child born in a specific year or period dying before reaching the age of 5 years. The under-five mortality rate as defined here is, strictly speaking, not a rate (i.e. the number of deaths divided by the number of population at risk during a certain period of time) but a probability of death derived from a life table and expressed as a rate per 1,000 live births.

Disaggregation

The common disaggregation for mortality indicators includes disaggregation by sex, age (neonatal, infant, child), wealth quintile, residence, and mother’s education. Disaggregated data are not always available. Disaggregation by geographic location is usually at regional level, or the minimum provincial level for survey or census data. Data from well-functioning vital registration systems can provide further geographical breakdowns.

Key statistical concepts

The UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME) estimates are derived from national data from censuses, surveys or vital registration systems. The UN IGME applies the Bayesian B-splines bias-reduction model to empirical data to derive trend estimates of under-five mortality for all countries.

Formula
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OTHER ASPECTS



Recommended uses

Associated line ministries should invest in the health workforce and in research infrastructure and to support policy actions towards increasing interventions such as vaccination, medical treatment of infectious diseases and adequate nutrition.

Limitations
  • Lack of availability of timely and reliable child mortality data; differing mortality rates from different sources.
  •  Available data suffer from sampling and non-sampling errors.
  • Under reporting of child deaths and recall errors are common as data are collected retrospectively. Misclassifications can impact on the accuracy of data, for example early neonatal deaths may be classified as stillbirths.
Other comments

All the metadata shown was gathered from United Nation Statistics Division. The metadata was extracted from https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/.