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This indicator measures the per capita expenditure (public and private) in the preservation, protection, and conservation of cultural and/or natural heritage over time. To monitor change over time of national efforts for the protection and safeguard of cultural and/or natural heritage.

Total funding from government (central, regional, local), private sources (household, corporate & sponsorship, and international sources) in the preservation, protection, and conservation of cultural and/or natural heritage for a given year per capita. The results should be express in Purchasing Power Parities (PPP) in constant $.

National Institute of Culture and History (NICH)

Ministry of Economic Development (MED)

National Institute of Culture and History (NICH)

Ministry of Economic Development (MED)

PPP$

• This indicator illustrates how financial efforts/actions made by public authorities, both at the local, national and international levels, alone or in partnership with civil society organizations (CSO) and the private sector, to protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage has a direct impact in making cities and human settlements more sustainable. This means that cultural resources and assets are safeguarded to keep attracting/to attract people (inhabitants, workers, tourists, etc.) and financial investments, to ultimately enhance the total amount of expenditure. This indicator is a proxy to measure the target.
• Expressing the indicator in PPP$ allows for comparison between countries and using constant values when looking at time-series is necessary to evaluate how real (eliminating the effects of inflation) resources are evolving over time.

• Cultural heritage includes artifacts, monuments, a group of buildings and sites, museums that have a diversity of values including symbolic, historic, artistic, aesthetic, ethnological or anthropological, scientific and social significance. It includes tangible heritage (movable, immobile and underwater), intangible heritage (ICH) embedded into cultural, and natural heritage artifacts, sites or monuments. The definition excludes ICH related to other cultural domains such as festivals, celebrations, etc. It covers industrial heritage and cave paintings.
• Natural heritage refers to natural features, geological and physiographical formations and delineated areas that constitute the habitat of threatened species of animals and plants and natural sites of value from the point of view of science, conservation or natural beauty. It includes private and publically protected natural areas, zoos, aquaria, and botanical gardens, natural habitat, marine ecosystems, sanctuaries, reservoirs, etc.
• World Heritage Centre designation refers to properties on the UNESCO World Heritage List. It encompasses the sites or properties inscribed in the list of UNESCO world heritage sites recognizing the universal values of these sites. http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/ 
• Total Public expenditure on heritage is consolidated expenditure on heritage made by national/federal, regional/States/Provincial and local governments.
• Private heritage expenditure refers to privately funded preservation, protection, and conservation of national cultural and/or natural heritage and includes, but is not limited to: donations in kind, the private non-profit sector, and sponsorship. Private funding includes donations by individual and legal entities, donations by bilateral and multilateral funds such as Official Development Aid (ODA), income from admissions/selling services and goods to individual and legal entities and corporate sponsorship.
  • Donation refers to cash and gifts-in-kind given by a physical or legal entity. Donations can be in the form of cash and kind donations. Cash donations refer to the gift in money, payment checks or other monetary equivalents. Gifts-in-kind donations refer to donations in goods, services or other things such as supplies. Donations can be conditional or unconditional. Conditional donations are limited by the conditions imposed by the donor. Unconditional donations refer to the gift, which has no concrete purpose, given to the organization/institution to help them in the realization of their mission.

https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/files/Metadata-11-04-01.pdf

• Disaggregation by type of heritage (cultural, natural, mixed), WHC designated
• Disaggregation by type of expenditure: operating expenditure/investment
• Disaggregation by type of private funding: donations in kind, the private non-profit sector, sponsorship

The indicator is calculated by dividing total public funding in heritage (i.e. including transfers paid but excluding transfers received) from the government (central, regional, local) and the total of private funding from households, other private sources such as donations, sponsorships or international sources in a given year by the number of inhabitants and by the PPP$ conversion factor.

This indicator would allow insight into whether or not countries are strengthening their efforts into safeguarding their cultural and natural heritage. It will help to identify areas that require more attention for policy purposes.

• The availability of private expenditure data for heritage is significantly lower so that it will take several years, capacity building, and financial investment in order to increase coverage to an acceptable level.
• This indicator comprises public and private monetary investments in heritage. It does not measure nonmonetary factors such as national regulations or national/local policies for the preservation, protection, and conservation of national cultural and/or natural heritage including World Heritage.

All the metadata shown in this document was gathered from United Nation Statistics Division. The metadata was extracted from https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/.