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This indicator is computed as a ratio between CO2 emissions from fuel combustion and the value-added of associated economic activities.
 

The indicator CO2 emissions per unit of value-added represent the number of emissions from fuel combustion produced by economic activity, per unit of economic output. When computed for the whole economy, it combines effects of the average carbon intensity of the energy mix (linked to the shares of the various fossil fuels in the total); of the structure of an economy (linked to the relative weight of more or less energy y-intensive sectors); of the average efficiency in the use of energy. When computed for the manufacturing sector (CO2 emissions from fuel combustion per unit of manufacturing value-added), it measures the carbon intensity of the manufacturing economic output, and its trends result from changes in the average carbon intensity of the energy mix used, in the structure of the manufacturing sector, in the energy efficiency of production technologies in each sub-sector, and in the economic value of the various output. Manufacturing industries are generally improving their emission intensity as countries move to higher levels of industrialization, but it should be noted that emission intensities can also be reduced through structural changes and product diversification in manufacturing.
 

Belize National Climate Change Office (NCCO)

Belize National Climate Change Office (NCCO)

Annual

Kilogrammes of CO2

Carbon dioxide (hereafter, CO2) emissions per unit value-added is an indicator computed as ratio between CO2 emissions from fuel combustion and the value-added of associated economic activities. The indicator can be computed for the whole economy (total CO2 emissions/GDP) or for specific sectors, notably the manufacturing sector (CO2 emissions from manufacturing industries per manufacturing value added (MVA). Energy data are collected at a country level, based on internationally agreed standards (UN International Recommendations on Energy Statistics). CO2 emissions need to be estimated based on energy data and on internationally agreed methodologies (IPCC Guidelines for GHG inventories).

Total CO2 emissions for an economy are estimated based on energy consumption data for all sectors. CO2 emissions from manufacturing are based on energy data collected across the following subsectors (energy used for transport by industry is not included here but reported under transport): Iron and steel industry [ISIC Group 241 and Class 2431]; Chemical and petrochemical industry [ISIC Divisions 20 and 21] excluding petrochemical feedstocks; Non-ferrous metals basic industries [ISIC Group 242 and Class 2432]; Non-metallic minerals such as glass, ceramic, cement, etc. [ISIC Division 23]; Transport equipment [ISIC Divisions 29 and 30]; Machinery comprises fabricated metal products, machinery and equipment other than transport equipment [ISIC Divisions 25 to 28]; Food and tobacco [ISIC Divisions 10 to 12]; Paper, pulp and printing [ISIC Divisions 17 and 18]; Wood and wood products (other than pulp and paper) [ISIC Division 16]; Textile and leather [ISIC Divisions 13 to 15]; Non-specified (any manufacturing industry not included above) [ISIC Divisions 22, 31 and 32]. Energy data are collected at a country level, based on internationally agreed standards (UN International Recommendations on Energy Statistics). CO2 emissions need to be estimated based on energy data and on internationally agreed methodologies (IPCC Guidelines for GHG inventories).

The gross value-added measures the contribution to the economy of each individual producer, industry or sector in a country. The gross value added generated by any unit engaged in production activity can be calculated as the residual of the units’ total output less intermediate consumption, goods and services used up in the process of producing the output, or as the sum of the factor incomes generated by the production process (System of National Accounts 2008).

Manufacturing refers to industries belonging to the sector C defined by International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4, or D defined by ISIC Revision 3.

GDP represents the sum of gross value added from all institutional units resident in the economy.

GDP based on purchasing power parity  (PPP) is used to calculate the total CO2 emissions intensity of the economy. MVA is estimated in terms of constant prices in USD. The current series are given at constant prices of 2010.
 

Data can be presented for national totals, for the manufacturing sector, and by industrial subsector.
 

This indicator can be calculated using the following formula:

𝐶𝑂2 𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑎𝑑𝑑𝑒𝑑 = (𝐶𝑂2 𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑢𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 (𝑖𝑛 𝑘𝑔)) / (𝑀𝑉𝐴 (𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑈𝑆𝐷))  
 

The indicator can be used to track emission intensity so as to move towards higher levels of industrialization.
 

Estimation of CO2 emission data is not systematized in many countries, although is performed internationally based on harmonised energy data collected at the national level. Energy data collection is generally well established, although in some cases national methodologies may differ from internationally agreed methodologies.

National data sources include statistical offices, Energy Ministries, Environment agencies, among others. Energy consumption data and value-added data are coming from different data sources which may raise some consistency issue.
 

Energy data are collected at a country level, based on internationally agreed standards (UN International Recommendations on Energy Statistics). CO2 emissions need to be estimated based on energy data and on internationally agreed methodologies.

 All the metadata shown in this document was gathered from United Nation Statistics Division. The metadata was extracted from https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/.